Chengcan Yao
Reader in Immunopharmacology & PI, University of Edinburgh
Dr Chengcan Yao, PhD, FBPhS, is a Reader in Immunopharmacology and PI in the University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair. His research focuses on illustrating mechanisms underpinning the development and resolution of inflammation. In particular, his group is interested in understanding the roles of bioactive lipid mediators in physiology and pathology of barrier tissues such as the intestine (Rodger et al, Science 2016; Crittenden et al, Science Advances 2021; Goepp et al, Cell Host & Microbe), lung (Robb et al, 2023 Allergy; Felton et al, 2018 Throat), and skin (Robb et al, 2018 J Allergy Clin Immunol; Lee et al, 2019 J Allergy Clin Immunol). Before establishing his independent research at the University of Edinburgh, he did his PhD and postdoc training in Kyoto University. He is an elected fellow of the British Pharmacological Society, a member of NC-IUPHAR committee, and a board member of the European Society for Lipid Mediators. He has obtained many prestigious awards including Chancellor’s Fellowship by the University of Edinburgh, Career Development Award by the Medical Research Council, Geoffrey Burnstock Prize by the British Pharmacological Society, Young Investigator Awards (for Asst./Assoc. Professors) by the International Eicosanoid Research Foundation, and Research Fellowship by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.
Presentation: Prostaglandin E2: Protector or Provocateur in Gut Inflammation?
The healthy gut keeps well-balanced interactions among the epithelium, the immune system, and the gut microbiota. Disruption of these interactions can lead to tissue damage, inflammation, and even cancer. The bioactive lipid prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) plays a critical role in maintaining gut epithelial homeostasis and protects against epithelial injury, underscoring the adverse effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the gastrointestinal tract. Conversely, as a well-known mediator of inflammation, elevated levels of PGE2 at inflamed intestinal sites may also have detrimental effects. We have recently examined the impacts of PGE2 on immune cells, especially lymphocytes, and found that the PGE2-immune interplay determines the outcomes of intestinal inflammatory responses. In this presentation, I will discuss our recent progress on the roles of PGE2 in modulating intestinal immune-microbiome interactions. I will provide examples of how PGE2 signalling in various immune cells differently regulates the gut microbiota, which in turn influences both intestinal homeostasis and inflammatory responses in context-dependent manners. These findings highlight the need of further studies to uncover the complex functions of the well-studied lipid in the gut, aimed at developing precision medicine for treating gut diseases by targeting PGE2 and its downstream pathways.
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